Vascular access-related complications are an important cause of morbidity and hospitalisation in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. It has been estimated that 16% to 23% of hospitalisations in dialysis patients are related to vascular access complications (4) and that access failure is primarily due to AV fistula thrombosis.

Questions 3

 

Prospective identification and correction of venous stenoses substantially improves chronic hemodialysis access patency (5).

Questions 4